DeFiPunk'd

Plume Vaults

RWA

TVL $144.7M
Type RWA
Chains Plume Mainnet, Ethereum, Solana, Binance, Avalanche
View on DeFiLlama ↗
Control criteria
Upgradeability Unknown Bug bounty immunefi.com Governance forum Docs app.plume.org
About

Plume Vaults (formerly branded as Nest) is the flagship real-world asset vault protocol on Plume Network, developed by Kimber Labs Inc. Users deposit stablecoins (USDC, pUSD, USDT) into curated vaults and receive yield-bearing ERC-20 share tokens (e.g., nTBILL, nOPAL, nALPHA) representing exposure to institutional RWA strategies including US Treasuries, private credit, crypto basis trades, and payment receivables. The protocol uses an immutable three-contract architecture per vault (Core Vault, Vault Extension, Manager) with compliance enforced via a shared NestVaultPredicateProxy and RolesAuthority; vaults are accessible cross-chain via LayerZero OFT bridges to Ethereum, BNB Chain, and Solana. As of September 2026, the protocol reports over $600M in settled RWA volume across 11 active vaults with combined TVL exceeding $160M.

Risk analysis

One card per dimension, sorted by severity. Only Verifiability and Autonomy carry automated signals in Phase 0. See methodology for scope.

Audit a dimension yourself · DEFI@home Contribute an LLM-run assessment — any model, any dimension. Three agreeing runs merge automatically into the public record.

DEFI@home is a distributed audit network modeled on SETI@home: instead of CPU cycles, it crowdsources LLM reasoning. Paste a slice prompt into Claude, ChatGPT, Gemini, or any browsing-capable model, and submit the JSON output as a pull request. The quorum bot merges it once ≥3 independent runs (from different models) reach the same grade — no single model, and no single contributor, can move the needle alone. How it works →

  • Address discovery 83 addresses on file · 1 run Submit run ↗
  • Verifiability Unverified Submit run ↗
  • Control Unverified Submit run ↗
  • Ability to exit Unverified Submit run ↗
  • Autonomy Unverified Submit run ↗
  • Open Access Unverified Submit run ↗
  • Audit all 5 dimensions · one prompt Submit run ↗
  1. Verifiability tentative
    Open source + 4 audits

    Protocol publishes a GitHub repository and has at least one audit on record. This is a coarse Phase-0 signal only: auditor reputation, scope, and post-audit review coverage are not yet weighted.

    Run your own prompt Submit run ↗
4 dimensions not yet assessed (Control, Ability to exit, Autonomy, Open Access)
  1. Control unknown Unverified
    Not yet assessed

    Who holds admin privileges, how contracts can be upgraded, and how quickly. No automated heuristic grades this at Phase 0; a real assessment arrives when onchain discovery reads roles, owners, and timelocks.

    No model has graded this dimension yet. Run the slice prompt through any LLM and submit the JSON — once ≥3 independent runs agree, the quorum bot merges the verdict here.

    Submit run ↗
  2. Ability to exit unknown Unverified
    Not yet assessed

    Whether users can exit on their own terms if the team disappears or acts adversarially. Requires per-protocol review; not available at Phase 0.

    No model has graded this dimension yet. Run the slice prompt through any LLM and submit the JSON — once ≥3 independent runs agree, the quorum bot merges the verdict here.

    Submit run ↗
  3. Autonomy unknown Unverified
    No Phase-0 autonomy signal

    Neither the category heuristic nor the forkedFrom signal fires for this protocol. A real autonomy graph (oracles, bridges, fallbacks, governance-mutable dependencies) arrives with Phase-2 onchain discovery.

    No model has graded this dimension yet. Run the slice prompt through any LLM and submit the JSON — once ≥3 independent runs agree, the quorum bot merges the verdict here.

    Submit run ↗
  4. Open Access unknown Unverified
    Not yet assessed

    Whether the protocol depends on privileged operators, whitelists, geo-restrictions, or off-chain infrastructure. This is not a signal DeFiLlama carries in a usable form; crawler-based detection lands in a later phase.

    No model has graded this dimension yet. Run the slice prompt through any LLM and submit the JSON — once ≥3 independent runs agree, the quorum bot merges the verdict here.

    Submit run ↗

Stage

Preview of the Phase-3 maturity framework. DeFiPunk'd will adopt DeFiScan v2's stages verbatim; the section is rendered below in its intended shape so the structure is visible today.

Plume Vaults has not yet been assessed under the DeFiScan v2 stage framework.
The walkaway test is the central criterion. Once stages land, protocols reach Stage 1 only if users can exit in the presence of malicious operators even when the emergency council disappears.
Scope of assessment
Stages are assessed per-protocol against DeFiScan v2's criteria: governance structure, upgradeability path, timelock durations, emergency-council scope, and the walkaway test. The analysis depends on onchain discovery (roles, owners, timelocks) and deeper review of deployed contracts — neither of which DeFiPunk'd automates at Phase 0.
Stage 0 requirements pending
Governance is largely off-chain, contracts are upgradeable with short or no timelock, and the protocol depends on a multisig or team with full discretion. At Phase 0 DeFiPunk'd does not automatically evaluate these; the assessment lands with crawler-based onchain discovery.
Stage 1 requirements pending
Users can exit or opt out on their own terms even if the team disappears. Upgrades run through a meaningful timelock with an emergency security council clearly scoped. The walkaway test is the headline criterion.
Stage 2 requirements pending
Protocol is fully permissionless and immutable, or upgrades require a supermajority of token holders with a long timelock and no emergency override. This is the terminal stage of the DeFiScan v2 framework.
Learn more about DeFiScan v2 stages →
Stages are an opinionated assessment of maturity, not a rating of security or safety. A protocol can sit at Stage 2 and still carry substantial technical or economic risk; the framework exists to incentivize decentralization, not to rank protocols.

Contract surface

Every contract in scope for this protocol — pooled from DeFiLlama's TVL adapter (mechanical) and DEFI@home discovery submissions (LLM-curated). Verified-source flags come from Etherscan + Sourcify; owner / multisig metadata is read on-chain when available. Reviewer audit context, not a slice score. A lending protocol's adapter set will list third-party collateral tokens alongside its own contracts; attribution is the grader's job.

  • 83addresses
  • 0verified source
  • 0proxies

Control fetched 2026-09-03.

BNB Chainadmin (NestRedeemOperator - redemption execution)0xd9b4…5440discovery
BNB Chainadmin (OperatorRegistry - operator management)0xfabd…6835discovery
BNB Chainadmin (RolesAuthority - shared access control)0x9378…5ba4discovery
BNB Chainguardian (NestShareSeizer - share seizure authority)0xf6c0…0510discoveryguardian
BNB Chainother (NestVaultPredicateProxy - shared compliance entrypoint)0xfc0c…9035discovery
BNB Chainvault (nACRDX USDT NestVault)0xba1d…faaediscoveryvault
BNB Chainvault (nALPHA USDT NestVault)0xf65b…8263discoveryvault
BNB Chainvault (nBASIS USDT NestVault)0xf388…f3c3discoveryvault
BNB Chainvault (nCREDIT USDT NestVault)0xe2d8…2acddiscoveryvault
BNB Chainvault (nTBILL USDT NestVault)0x109d…8a0cdiscoveryvault
BNB Chainvault (nWISDOM USDT NestVault)0xf6d6…a45bdiscoveryvault
Ethereumadmin (NestRedeemOperator - redemption execution)0xd9b4…5440discovery
Ethereumadmin (OperatorRegistry - operator management)0xfabd…6835discovery
Ethereumadmin (RolesAuthority - shared access control)0x9378…5ba4discovery
Ethereumguardian (NestShareSeizer - share seizure authority)0xf6c0…0510discoveryguardian
Ethereumother (NestVaultPredicateProxy - shared compliance entrypoint)0xfc0c…9035discovery
Ethereumtoken (nAXI share token - OFT bridge)0x7488…6d79discoverybridge
Ethereumtoken (nCLOA share token - OFT bridge)0x6381…9e13discoverybridge
Ethereumtoken (nFXCF share token - OFT bridge)0x066d…bdffdiscoverybridge
Ethereumtoken (nLCRD share token - OFT bridge)0xdf45…0ee8discoverybridge
Ethereumtoken (nTBILL share token - OFT bridge deployment)0xe72f…8cb9discoverybridge
Ethereumvault (nAXI USDC NestVault)0xe154…ebd0discoveryvault
Ethereumvault (nCLOA USDC NestVault)0x84c1…d9e3discoveryvault
Ethereumvault (nCLOA USDT NestVault)0xb728…14a0discoveryvault
Ethereumvault (nFXCF USDC NestVault)0x4738…c5e7discoveryvault
Ethereumvault (nLCRD USDC NestVault)0x7195…6c8ediscoveryvault
Ethereumvault (nOPAL USDT NestVault)0x5e94…7a2cdiscoveryvault
Ethereumvault (nTBILL USDC NestVault)0x250c…7f12discoveryvault
Plume Mainnetadmin (NestRedeemOperator - redemption execution)0xd9b4…5440discovery
Plume Mainnetadmin (OperatorRegistry - operator management)0xfabd…6835discovery
Plume Mainnetadmin (RolesAuthority - shared access control)0x9378…5ba4discovery
Plume Mainnetguardian (NestShareSeizer - share seizure authority)0xf6c0…0510discoveryguardian
Plume Mainnetother (nALPHA Solana OFT composer - EVM side)0x3eb8…5727discovery
Plume Mainnetother (nBASIS Solana OFT composer - EVM side)0x22b4…42eediscovery
Plume Mainnetother (nCLOA Solana OFT composer - EVM side)0xb940…dd90discovery
Plume Mainnetother (NestAdapter - deposit/redeem adapter)0x2de3…13eadiscovery
Plume Mainnetother (NestBundler - transaction bundler)0x09a2…d6dddiscovery
Plume Mainnetother (NestCCTPRelayer - cross-chain CCTP relayer)0x7de0…d8bediscoverybridge
Plume Mainnetother (NestUnlooper - loop unwinding)0xb7e2…392adiscovery
Plume Mainnetother (NestVaultPredicateProxy - shared compliance entrypoint)0xfc0c…9035discovery
Plume Mainnetother (nFXCF Solana OFT composer - EVM side)0xbcad…0648discovery
Plume Mainnetother (nLCRD Solana OFT composer - EVM side)0x63c7…6295discovery
Plume Mainnetother (nOPAL Solana OFT composer - EVM side)0x9053…62c9discovery
Plume Mainnetother (nTBILL Solana OFT composer - EVM side)0x719e…d873discovery
Plume Mainnetother (nWISDOM Solana OFT composer - EVM side)0x312a…4974discovery
Plume Mainnetother (Rollup Proxy - Plume L2 rollup contract)0x4ed3…6ee8discovery
Plume Mainnettoken (nACRDX share token)0x2a3e…61cbdiscoverytoken
Plume Mainnettoken (nALPHA share token)0x593c…88dbdiscoverytoken
Plume Mainnettoken (nAXI share token)0x7488…6d79discoverytoken
Plume Mainnettoken (nBASIS share token)0x1111…e94bdiscoverytoken
Plume Mainnettoken (nCLOA share token)0x6381…9e13discoverytoken
Plume Mainnettoken (nCREDIT share token)0xa5f7…066cdiscoverytoken
Plume Mainnettoken (nFXCF share token)0x066d…bdffdiscoverytoken
Plume Mainnettoken (nLCRD share token)0xdf45…0ee8discoverytoken
Plume Mainnettoken (nOPAL share token)0x119d…9165discoverytoken
Plume Mainnettoken (nTBILL share token)0xe72f…8cb9discoverytoken
Plume Mainnettoken (nWISDOM share token)0x29bf…0240discoverytoken
Plume Mainnettoken (pUSD - Plume USD stablecoin)0xdddd…6f3fdiscoverytoken
Plume Mainnettoken (USDC on Plume Mainnet)0x2223…a7afdiscoverytoken
Plume Mainnettoken (WPLUME - Wrapped PLUME)0xea23…4bd1discoverytoken
Plume Mainnetvault (nACRDX pUSD NestVault)0xa7d4…66b3discoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nACRDX USDC NestVault)0xf991…1f2bdiscoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nALPHA pUSD NestVault)0x9bb9…f4f0discoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nALPHA USDC NestVault)0x0342…3c34discoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nAXI pUSD NestVault)0x7592…4b13discoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nAXI USDC NestVault)0xe154…ebd0discoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nAXI XUPL NestVault)0x99ed…327bdiscoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nBASIS pUSD NestVault)0xe74f…7d0bdiscoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nBASIS USDC NestVault)0x5f35…dbb1discoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nCLOA pUSD NestVault)0x856f…79a0discoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nCLOA USDC NestVault)0x84c1…d9e3discoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nCREDIT pUSD NestVault)0xdd38…4572discoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nCREDIT USDC NestVault)0xec59…abeediscoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nFXCF pUSD NestVault)0x74c9…4c05discoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nFXCF USDC NestVault)0x4738…c5e7discoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nLCRD pUSD NestVault)0x67b2…edc2discoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nLCRD USDC NestVault)0x7195…6c8ediscoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nOPAL pUSD NestVault)0xfbfe…9a48discoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nOPAL USDC NestVault)0xd258…05c0discoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nTBILL pUSD NestVault)0xd263…baeddiscoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nTBILL USDC NestVault)0x250c…7f12discoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nWISDOM pUSD NestVault)0x4ecd…e25bdiscoveryvault
Plume Mainnetvault (nWISDOM USDC NestVault)0x6330…a651discoveryvault

Protocol Info

Links

[defillama] Source: DeFiLlama [:] Source: DEFI@home quorum
Twitter
@plumenetwork

Security

[:] Source: DEFI@home quorum
Audits
2 audits
Security contact
unknown

Technical

[:] Source: DEFI@home quorum
Upgradeability
Unknown

Provenance

[defillama] Source: DeFiLlama
Review status
listed
Updated
2026-09-07 11:30 UTC